MCQ 1. One of the key goals of DRAP is to:
A) Convert all municipal waste into plastics
B) Reduce methane emissions from dumpsites
C) Promote fossil fuel use in urban areas
D) Encourage open dumping of industrial waste
Explanation:
• Methane is a potent greenhouse gas emitted from decomposing organic waste in dumpsites.
• DRAP’s remediation reduces methane emissions, improves soil and groundwater quality, and contributes to climate change mitigation.
• Methane is a potent greenhouse gas emitted from decomposing organic waste in dumpsites.
• DRAP’s remediation reduces methane emissions, improves soil and groundwater quality, and contributes to climate change mitigation.
MCQ 2. DRAP is linked with which global environmental concern?
A) Desertification
B) Ocean acidification
C) Land degradation and solid waste pollution
D) Ozone layer depletion
Explanation:
• Dumpsites contribute to soil contamination, groundwater pollution, and loss of urban land.
• DRAP addresses sustainable remediation of these contaminated sites.
• Dumpsites contribute to soil contamination, groundwater pollution, and loss of urban land.
• DRAP addresses sustainable remediation of these contaminated sites.
MCQ 3. Which of the following statements about municipal solid waste (MSW) in India is correct?
A) Majority of MSW is inorganic
B) Biodegradable waste forms the largest fraction of MSW
C) MSW is completely recycled in India
D) All Indian cities have sanitary landfills
Explanation:
• 50–60% of urban MSW in India is organic/biodegradable (food, garden waste).
• Highlights need for composting, biomining, and scientific landfill management.
• 50–60% of urban MSW in India is organic/biodegradable (food, garden waste).
• Highlights need for composting, biomining, and scientific landfill management.
MCQ 4. The National Green Hydrogen Mission (NGHM) is connected to urban waste management in what way?
A) Using hydrogen for cooking in households
B) Converting organic waste to green hydrogen via biogas reforming
C) Reducing MSW collection frequency
D) Encouraging open dumping
Explanation:
• Organic waste → biogas → green hydrogen (potential future technology for renewable energy integration).
• Organic waste → biogas → green hydrogen (potential future technology for renewable energy integration).
MCQ 5. Which of the following is a major challenge in dumpsite remediation in India?
A) Excess land for new dumpsites
B) Lack of waste segregation at source
C) Overproduction of biodegradable waste
D) Excess private funding
Explanation:
• Source segregation is critical; mixed waste complicates biomining and composting.
• UPSC often links this with Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban and Solid Waste Management Rules 2016.
• Source segregation is critical; mixed waste complicates biomining and composting.
• UPSC often links this with Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban and Solid Waste Management Rules 2016.
MCQ 6. Which of the following programmes is directly linked with river cleanliness and can complement dumpsite remediation efforts?
A) Jal Shakti Abhiyan
B) National Ganga River Basin Authority (NGRBA) / Namami Gange Mission
C) National Solar Mission
D) National Health Mission
Explanation:
• Remediating urban dumpsites near rivers reduces pollution load into water bodies.
• Integrates with urban sewage management and river cleaning efforts.
• Remediating urban dumpsites near rivers reduces pollution load into water bodies.
• Integrates with urban sewage management and river cleaning efforts.
MCQ 7. Which component is included under Swachh Bharat Mission – Urban (SBM-U) for solid waste management?
A) 100% mechanized landfill expansion
B) Door-to-door collection and scientific disposal of MSW
C) Incineration of all waste without segregation
D) Complete privatization of waste management
Explanation:
• Focus on waste segregation, composting, recycling, and remediation of legacy dumpsites (DRAP).
• Focus on waste segregation, composting, recycling, and remediation of legacy dumpsites (DRAP).
MCQ 8. Methane emissions from dumpsites contribute significantly to:
A) Acid rain
B) Stratospheric ozone depletion
C) Global warming / climate change
D) Desertification
Explanation:
• Methane is a short-lived but highly potent GHG (~25x more than CO₂ over 100 years).
• Remediation reduces GHG emissions and environmental hazards.
• Methane is a short-lived but highly potent GHG (~25x more than CO₂ over 100 years).
• Remediation reduces GHG emissions and environmental hazards.
MCQ 9. Biocapping in dumpsites involves:
A) Burning waste to produce energy
B) Covering waste with layers of soil and microbes to reduce leachate and odor
C) Removing topsoil to expose waste
D) Compacting waste to increase landfill capacity
Explanation:
• Biocapping stabilizes waste, prevents methane emission, odor, and leachate contamination.
• Biocapping stabilizes waste, prevents methane emission, odor, and leachate contamination.
MCQ 10. Biomining in the context of DRAP refers to:
A) Extracting precious metals and recyclables from dumpsites
B) Digging new mining pits in urban areas
C) Extracting water from dumpsites
D) Burning waste for energy
Explanation:
• Eco-friendly resource recovery, reduces landfill volume, and supports circular economy.
• Eco-friendly resource recovery, reduces landfill volume, and supports circular economy.